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The 100th anniversary of the outbreak of World War 1 could be viewed as a tempting opportunity to acknowledge the origins of military psychiatry and the start of a journey from psychological ignorance to enlightenment. However, the psychiatric legacy of the war is ambiguous. During World War 1, a new disorder (shellshock) and a new treatment (forward psychiatry) were introduced, but the former should not be thought of as the first recognition of what is now called post-traumatic stress disorder and the latter did not offer the solution to the management of psychiatric casualties, as was subsequently claimed. (...)

The article:
http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2814%2961260-5/fulltext

More about:

http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366%2814%2900062-5/fulltext

Basic Information:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_psychiatry

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posttraumatic_stress_disorder
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disturbo_post_traumatico_da_stress
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trouble_de_stress_post-traumatique
http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trastorno_por_estr%C3%A9s_postraum%C3%A1tico

Past... present:
http://www.fabiomanzione.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=7907:1914-2014-la-lezione-della-grande-guerra-per-leuropa&catid=31:meditare&Itemid=138